FACTBOX-Climate scorecard for success at Copenhagen

Nov 30 (Reuters) - World leaders will meet in Copenhagen in
December to try and agree a new deal to fight climate change.

The Copenhagen deal will provide the basis for a legally
binding treaty to be agreed in 2010. Following are some criteria
by which the Dec. 7-18 meeting may be judged:

OVERALL COMMITMENTS

1. GLOBAL WARMING

* Limit global warming to no more than 2 degrees Celsius
(3.6 Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels, which many
scientists see as a threshold for dangerous climate change.
Temperatures have already risen by 0.7 Celsius.

* Agree a date to review targets, perhaps in 2014 following
the next report of the U.N.'s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change.

2. EMISSIONS CUTS

* Rich countries agree national targets to cut greenhouse
gases by 2020, and all countries agree a global target to halve
emissions by 2050. Some developing nations object to the 2050
goal, saying the rich need to do more to lead the way.

* Rich nations in the Group of Eight have already committed
to cut their collective emissions by 80 percent by 2050.

3. RICH COUNTRY AID FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

* Pay developing countries to help them limit greenhouse gas
emissions and cope with the impacts of climate change such as
disruptions to water supplies or rising sea levels, and increase
access to low-carbon technologies.

4. CLIMATE TREATY

* Specify a date in 2010 to agree a legally binding treaty,
building on a political text in Copenhagen. Possible deadlines
are a meeting in Bonn in June or Mexico in December.

* Decide either to create a new global treaty to cover
commitments by all countries or keep and extend the existing
Kyoto Protocol, which binds industrialised nations except the
United States to cut emissions until 2012, and create a new
agreement for other nations. Developing nations insist on
keeping the Kyoto Protocol to show that the rich are leading.

SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS

Analysts say that these commitments would help limit warming
to 2 degrees:

1. EMISSIONS CUTS - GLOBAL
* Halve global greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 versus 1990
levels.

* Stop global greenhouse gas emissions from rising by 2020.

2. BINDING EMISSIONS CUTS - RICH COUNTRIES

* Includes the United States, the European Union's 27 member
states, Japan, Australia, Canada and Russia.

* A scenario by the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) suggests developed nations will have to cut
emissions by 25-40 percent below 1990 levels by 2020 to avoid
the worst of climate change. Developing nations such as China
and India want to see cuts of at least 40 percent.

* Set individual targets for each developed nation to cut
emissions by 2020 versus 1990 levels. Cuts on offer so far total
between 14 and 18 percent below 1990 levels by 2020.

3. EMISSION ACTIONS - MAJOR DEVELOPING NATIONS

* Includes China, India, South Korea, Mexico, Brazil and
Indonesia.

* Reduce the growth of greenhouse gas emissions by 15-30
percent below projected levels by 2020.

4. RICH COUNTRIES' FINANCIAL AID TO DEVELOPING NATIONS

* Commit to "fast-track" funding of $10 billion annually
from 2010-2012.

* Agree a framework for reliable long-term funds to pay
developing nations to adapt to climate change and cut emissions.

* Agree a formula on how to share a long-term climate
finance commitment -- to be agreed in 2010 -- for example
according to wealth and per capita contribution to climate
change.

* Funds could be raised from a levy on shipping and jet
fuel.

5. REDUCED DEFORESTATION

* Pay tropical countries to measure deforestation and manage
their forests, including clarifying tenure rights.

* To agree in 2010 on a funding scheme for developing
countries to stop destroying their rainforests. The U.N.
estimates that deforestation accounts for a fifth of all
greenhouse gases from human activities -- trees soak up carbon
dioxide as they grow and emit it when they burn.

6. CARBON MARKETS

* Agree that countries and business can continue to trade
carbon emissions rights as a way to meet their targets.

* Streamline and scale up the existing "clean development
mechanism".

7. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

* Countries commit to increased, shared research and
development funding to develop clean energy technologies for
all.

8. COMPLIANCE

* All countries agree to international review of progress
towards their national commitments.

* Some threat against non-compliance, such as suspension
from the agreement.

(Compiled by Gerard Wynn and Alister Doyle; editing by Robin
Pomeroy)
((For an analysis of the latest diplomacy, click[ID:nLG401774]

For more on the Road to Copenhagen, click on [ID:nLL527527]

For an overview of climate change stories, click [nCLIMATE]

For an Interactive factbox on the Climate Change conference
in Copenhagen please click here ))

For Reuters latest environment blogs click on:

blogs.reuters.com/environment/