Closing schools won't stop pandemics - study

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Closing schools at the first sign of a new pandemic might delay the worst so health officials can prepare, but cannot prevent the spread of the disease, British researchers said Monday.

And while closing schools might spread out demands on hospitals, it could disrupt healthcare services and the rest of the economy in other ways, Neil Ferguson of Imperial College London and colleagues said.

Writing in the journal Lancet Infectious Diseases, they said governments need to come up with plans for when and how to close schools if the pandemic of H1N1 swine flu worsens.

"The H1N1 pandemic could become more severe, and so the current cautious approach of not necessarily recommending school closure in Europe and North America might need reappraisal in the autumn," they wrote.

At the peak of the epidemic in the United States, more than 700 schools closed, according to the U.S. Department of Education. Officials at the U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that more than a million Americans have been infected with the new H1N1 virus.

The World Health Organisation said last week the flu was too widespread to make counting individual cases possible and called the virus unstoppable.

Ferguson and colleagues studied past pandemics of influenza in 1918, 1957 and 1968, as well as patterns of disease spread during French school holidays and a teacher's strike in Israel.

Infections fell when schools closed but rates rose immediately again when children returned to school, they noted.

French school holidays appeared to prevent about one in six seasonal influenza cases, they said.